This paper examined what types of operations strategies Korean service firms pursue, and whether the environmental uncertainty perceived by managers differs across strategy groups in order to effectively implement these strategies. It also investigated whether service firms consider the importance of competitive performance indicators when measuring performance according to their strategy groups, and whether the resulting performance differs across the operations strategy groups of individual service firms. The research results show that when formulating operations strategies to enhance the competitiveness of service firms, environmental uncertainty must be considered, and the importance of competitive performance indicators should be measured differently.