This study classifies individual firms in the information and communications industry into four types based on their internal R&D capability and degree of dependence on foreign technology acquisition, which effectively reflect individual firm characteristics, and seeks to identify how factors influencing technological innovation and the characteristics of technological innovation itself differ among these types. More specifically, the study proceeds as follows. First, based on prior empirical studies on technological innovation in developing countries and industry analysis, individual firms in Korea's information and communications industry were classified according to their internal development capability and technology acquisition capability, which are core elements of technological capability, in a manner that best reflects their diverse characteristics. Second, departing from the conventional research perspective that attempts to address the problem of technological innovation within specific research domains, this study classified the various factors of technological innovation into environmental dimensions, internal resource capability dimensions, corporate strategic dimensions, and organizational characteristic dimensions based on an interdisciplinary background, and examined what relationships these innovation-influencing factors form with the firm types derived above. Third, the study investigated what differences emerge in the characteristics of technological innovation according to the derived firm types. Fourth, useful managerial and policy alternatives for promoting technological innovation were proposed for each firm type.