Existing studies on information technology (IT) cost accounting share common weaknesses: their theories are constructed as simple linear structures, they entirely neglect the organizational environment in which IT cost accounting is applied, and they operationalize the dependent variable inappropriately. To address these shortcomings, this study theoretically reformulated the interactions among variables related to the effectiveness of IT cost accounting and empirically tested this theory. Furthermore, a variable that directly reflects the effectiveness of IT cost accounting was selected as the dependent variable. Analysis of 55 Korean firms revealed that the interaction between management control and IT maturity affects IT cost accounting effectiveness. In addition, the consistency of IT cost accounting information, representing the quality of IT cost accounting, was found to influence IT cost accounting effectiveness through its interaction with management control. The conclusion summarizes the research findings and discusses directions for future research.