This study examines the determinants of organizational mortality of Korean firms that invested in the Chinese market from an organizational ecology perspective. The analysis period spans from 1988 to the end of 2002, and the sample consists of Chinese subsidiaries of listed firms belonging to the manufacturing sector. The dependent variable is subsidiary mortality, and the independent variables include organizational ecology factors such as density dependence, age dependence, and size dependence. Because the independent variables include time-varying covariates whose values change over time, a discrete-time logit model, which is best suited for such analysis, was employed. The empirical results showed that the density of foreign firms and Chinese firms in the same industry in which Korean firms invested within each province or city had no effect on the mortality of Korean firm subsidiaries. However, the density of Korean firms in the same industry showed a significant negative value, indicating that the greater the number of Korean firms in the same industry in a given province or city, the higher the probability of survival. Nevertheless, a non-monotonic relationship was found between Korean firm density and mortality, indicating that when the number of Korean firms exceeds a certain level, the mortality rate actually increases due to factors such as intensified competition for limited resources. Regarding age dependence, the probability of mortality was found to increase with subsidiary age, revealing the liability of senescence. However, the probability of organizational mortality does not increase linearly with age; rather, a nonlinear relationship was found to exist between the two. Regarding subsidiary size, no significant relationship was found between investment size and mortality.