In relation to the evaluation of research and development projects under national R&D programs, this study presents the requisite conditions that an effective R&D evaluation system should satisfy, based on our research team's experience and existing research findings. In order to find ways to establish an effective R&D project evaluation system, a survey was conducted targeting various stakeholders involved in the implementation and evaluation of information and telecommunications R&D programs, and the results were presented in comparison with survey results conducted by the Ministry of Science and Technology (1992) and the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (1991). By synthesizing these analytical results with the contents of existing reports related to R&D evaluation, the overall problems of the current national R&D program evaluation system were identified from the perspectives of evaluation effectiveness, continuity, flexibility, and reliability, and proposals for establishing an effective R&D project evaluation system to improve these issues were presented for each component of the evaluation system.