About This Journal

korean management review - Vol. 50 , No. 1

[ Article ]
korean management review - Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 53-80
Abbreviation: kmr
ISSN: 1226-1874 (Print)
Print publication date 28 Feb 2021
Received 18 Nov 2020 Accepted 30 Nov 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2021.50.1.53

A Study on the Strategic Factors of Speed Factory Robot Cafe Service Development: Evaluation by Unmanned Level
Taejin Kim ; Juyoung Kang
(First Author) Ph.D. Student of Business Analytics at Ajou University (tjnettt@gmail.com)
(Corresponding Author) Full Professor in the department of e-Business at School of Business, Ajou University (jykang@ajou.ac.kr)

스피드 팩토리 로봇카페 서비스 개발의 전략적 요인에 관한 연구: 무인화 단계에 따른 평가

Copyright 2011 THE KOREAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Funding Information ▼

Abstract

Depending on the unmanned level, this study derives the strategic factors for developing robot cafe services which are increasing significantly because of a combination of digital transformation and the COVID-19 pandemic. As a frame that combines UTAUT and SERVQUAL, and as a result of conducting the Delphi method through industry experts, the 8 top factors have been identified as performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, trust, ease of use, pleasure, satisfaction, and environmental factors. The18 sub-factors derived are utilization performance, untact, legal regulations, finances, technology, management environment organization, safety design, role responsibility, service stability, service safety, education manual, convenience, efficiency, pleasure by robots, emotions, quality, personalization, and environmental design factors. This study will present a wealth of practical implications to the entrepreneurs and corporate managers who start robot cafes on how to survive digital Darwinism brought about by digital transformation.


Keywords: Robot Café, Smart Factory, Cooperative Robot, Unmanned, Untact, Delphi, Speed Factory

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT), Korea, under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program(IITP-2021-2018-0-01424) supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion)


References
1. Anderson, E. T. (1997), Important Distance Education Practices: A Delphi Study of Administrators and Coordinators of Distance Education Programs in Higher Education: University of Idaho.
2. Bae, J. (2018), “Study on the Legal, Institutional, and Technical Factors for Activation of Domestic Fintech Industry: Focusing on the Consensus Delphi Technique,” Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology, 8(1), pp.101-112.
3. Bae, Y., and H. Sin. (2020), “Accelerating the Corona 19 Untact Society,” Issue&Analysis, pp.1-26.
4. Baek, C. H. (2020), “A Study on Service Quality Evaluation in Artificial Intelligence Era Using Delphi Technique,” Journal of Korea Service Management Society, 21(3), pp.1-15.
5. Boute, R. N., S. M. Disney, and J. A. Van Mieghem. (2018), “Dual Sourcing and Smoothing under Non-Stationary Demand Time Series: Re- Shoring with Speedfactories,” SSRN Electronic Journal, pp.45.
6. Brockhoff, K. (1975), “The Performance of Forecasting Groups in Computer Dialogue and Face-to-Face Discussion In: Linstone and Turoff (Eds.) the Delphi Method: Techniques and Applications,” Massachusetts Reading: Addison-Wesley.
7. Bucher, C. A., J. S. Shivers, and R. D. Bucher. (1984), Recreation for Today's Society: Prentice/Hall International, Inc.
8. Buttle, F. (1996), “Servqual: Review, Critique, Research Agenda,” European Journal of Marketing, 30(1), pp.8-32.
9. Cha, S.-S., and S.-Y. Park. (2019), “The Influence of Perceived Service Quality on Satisfaction and Revisit Intention in Restaurant Using Kiosk,” Journal of Foodservice Management Society of Korea, 22(4), pp.27~50.
10. Choi, Y.-H., and S. H. Choi. (2018), “A Study on the Factors Influencing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium Companies Applied with Smart Factory System,” Information Systems Review, 19(2), pp.95-113.
11. Chung, H., C. Koo, and N. Chung. (2017), “Examining the Adoption of Exhibition Nfc Service Using Utaut & Trust,” International Journal of Tourism Management and Sciences, 32(2), pp.1-22.
12. Dalkey, N. C. (1969), The Delphi Method: An Experimental Study of Group Opinion. Retrieved from
13. Davis, F. D., R. P. Bagozzi, and P. R. Warshaw. (1989), “User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models,” Management Science, 35(8), pp. 982-1003.
14. Deci, E. L., and R. M. Ryan. (2002), “Overview of Self-Determination Theory: An Organismic Dialectical Perspective,” Handbook of Self- Determination Research, pp.3-33.
15. DeLone, W. H., and E. R. McLean. (1992), “Information Systems Success: The Quest for the Dependent Variable,” Information Systems Research, 3(1), pp.60-95.
16. Han, S.-U., K.-S. Han, T.-H. Kwon, I. S. Koh, and Y.-J. An. (2020), “An Empirical Study on the Effect of Unmanned Store Kiosk Management Quality on Sustainable Use Intention,” Journal of Digital Contents Society, 21(4), pp.761-770.
17. Hedaoo, S., A. Williams, C. Wadgaonkar, and H. Knight. (2019), A Robot Barista Comments on Its Clients: Social Attitudes toward Robot Data Use. Paper presented at the 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI).
18. Hwang, J. E. (2020), “The Effects of Robot-Barista Café Servicescape on Customer Satisfaction, Pleasure, and Behavioral Intention: Based on the S-O-R Framework,” Kyung Hee University.
19. Hwang, W.-J., E.-T. Ha, J.-s. Yang, H.-S. Lee, S.-H. Baek, and S.-H. Han. (2015), A Study on Robust Motion Control of Humanoid Type Robot for Cooperative Working. Paper presented at the 2015 15th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS).
20. Igbaria, M., N. Zinatelli, P. Cragg, and A. L. Cavaye. (1997), “Personal Computing Acceptance Factors in Small Firms: A Structural Equation Model,” MIS Quarterly, pp.279-305.
21. Jeon, S., J. Lee, and J. Lee. (2019), “A Study on the Users Intention to Adopt an Intelligent Service: Focusing on the Factors Affecting the Perceived Necessity of Conversational Ai Service,” Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society, 22(2), pp.242-264.
22. Jung, O., and C. Park. (2020), “The Effect of Unmanned Store Characteristics and Customer Experience on Customer Engagement,” Journal of Channel and Retailing, 25(2), pp.69-98.
23. Kang, S.-C., K.-S. Han, and W.-J. Jeon. (2018), “An Analysis on Effect of Use Intention of Mean Automated Store Customer -Focused on Franchisee,” Journal of Digital Contents Society, 19(7), pp.1313-1322.
24. Kim, H., N. Park, and S. Lee. (2018), “The Determinants of Active Seniors' Intention to Use Internet-Pimary Banks,” Journal of Consumer and Culture, 21(3), pp.19-43.
25. Kim, J.-R., and S.-J. Lee. (2020), “Factors Affecting Technology Acceptance of Smart Factory,” Journal of Information Technology Applications & Management, 27(1), pp.75-95.
26. Kim, J. W., H. I. Jo, and B. G. Lee. (2019), “The Study on the Factors Influencing on the Behavioral Intention of Chatbot Service for the Financial Sector: Focusing on the Utaut Model,” Journal of Digital Contents Society, 20(1), pp.41-50.
27. Kim, S.-M., and Y.-Y. You. (2020), “The Effect of Corporate Competency on Smart Factory Acceptance Intention and Management Performance-Moderating Effect of Regional Characteristics-,” Journal of Digital Convergence, 18(9), pp.125-133.
28. Kim, S. (2020), “An Empirical Study on the Smart Factory Acceptance Intension and Management Performance of Big Data-Based Small and Medium Sized Manufacturing Companies,” Hansung University.
29. Ko, M., and M. Kim. (2020), “The Role of Incheon Airport Robot's Experience Economy toward Customer Satisfaction, Airport Image and Revisit Intention,” Korea Open Access Journals, 18(2), pp.3-21.
30. Lawshe, C. H. (1975), “A Quantitative Approach to Content Validity,” Personnel Psychology, 28 (4), pp.563-575.
31. Lee, D., J. Boo, and H. Jung. (2020), “Analyzing Factors Influencing the Introduction of Smart Factory : Focusing on Type of Manager and Firm Age,” Journal of Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering, 43(2), pp.110-119.
32. Lee, T.-Y., and C.-M. Heo. (2019), “A Study on the Influence of Acceptance Factors of Ict Convergence Technology on the Intention of Acceptance in Agriculture: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Innovation Resistance,” Journal of Digital Convergence, 17(9), pp. 115-126.
33. Lee, Y., C. Park, and Y. Seo. (2020), “A Study on the Determinants of Smart Factories' Acceptance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Focusing on the Unified Technology Acceptance Model(Utaut),” Journal of Business Management, 27(5), pp.157-182.
34. Lee, Y., and M. Ryu. (2019), “Study on Use Intention of Chinese Unmanned Convenience Stores by Applying Utaut and Theory of Experience Economy: Verifying the Moderating Effect of Reliability,” Journal of Distribution and Management Research, 22(2), pp.5-15.
35. Liljander, V., and T. Strandvik. (1995), “The Nature of Customer Relationships in Services,” Advances in Services Marketing and Management, 4(141), pp.67.
36. Longoni, C., A. Bonezzi, and C. K. Morewedge. (2019), “Resistance to Medical Artificial Intelligence,” Journal of Consumer Research, 46(4), pp.629-650.
37. Mayer, R. C., J. H. Davis, and F. D. Schoorman. (1995), “An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust,” Academy of Management Review, 20(3), pp.709-734.
38. MEIYU, S. (2019), “Consumer Perceptions and Attitudes toward Genetically Customized Cosmetics,” Incheon University.
39. Mende, M., M. L. Scott, J. van Doorn, D. Grewal, and I. Shanks. (2019), “Service Robots Rising: How Humanoid Robots Influence Service Experiences and Elicit Compensatory Consumer Responses,” Journal of Marketing Research, 56(4), pp.535-556.
40. Rowe, G., and G. Wright. (1999), “The Delphi Technique as a Forecasting Tool: Issues and Analysis,” International Journal of Forecasting, 15(4), pp.353-375.
41. Rowe, G., and G. Wright. (2001). Expert Opinions in Forecasting: The Role of the Delphi Technique Principles of Forecasting (pp. 125-144): Springer.
42. Ryu, G., B. BoHyun, D. Kim, and L. Hansol. (2018), “Evaluating Key Aspects of Initial Coin Offering(Ico) in Digital Contents Industry,” Korean Business Education Review, 33(6), pp.475-492.
43. Song, D.-Y., and Y.-H. Lee. (2008), “The Development of Evaluation Criteria for Specialized Vocational High Schools,” Journal of Agricultural Education and Human Resource Development, 40(3), pp.115-135.
44. Venkatesh, V. (2000), “Determinants of Perceived Ease of Use: Integrating Control, Intrinsic Motivation, and Emotion into the Technology Acceptance Model,” Information Systems Research, 11(4), pp.342-365.
45. Venkatesh, V., M. G. Morris, G. B. Davis, and F. D. Davis. (2003), “User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View,” MIS Quarterly, pp.425-478.
46. Venkatesh, V., J. Y. Thong, and X. Xu. (2012), “Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology,” MIS Quarterly, pp.157-178.
47. Wakefield, K. L., and J. G. Blodgett. (1996), “The Effect of the Servicescape on Customers’ Behavioral Intentions in Leisure Service Settings,” Journal of Services Marketing.
48. Westbrook, R. A. (1981), “Sources of Consumer Satisfaction with Retail Outlets,” Journal of Retailing, 57(3), pp.68-85.
49. Woo, S. H. (2020), “An Exploratory Study on Consumer Preference and Risk Perception of Personalized Products Manufactured in Smart Factories,” Chungbuk University.
50. Woo, S. H., and S. D. Kwon. (2019), “Intention to Purchase Personalized Products in a Smart Factory Environment Research on Influencing Factors,” Management and Information Research, 38(1), pp.23-41.

∙ The author Taejin Kim is a Ph.D. Candidate of Business Analytics at Ajou University. He received a Master of Business Administration from Ajou University Graduate School. He is an IT Professional engineer, and his main interests are robots and artificial intelligence applications, and business strategies for unmanned industries.

∙ The author Juyoung Kang is Full Professor in the department of e-Business at School of Business, Ajou University. She received her Ph.D. in Management Engineering from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in 2005. She has more than 50 refereed publications in academic journals and conference proceedings and has developed Intelligent Systems and E-Commerce applications with various industrial partners. Her research interests are in the fields of Text Mining, Big Data, ERP, Cloud Computing, Big data, and Intelligent Systems.