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Korean Academic Society of Business Administration
[ Article ]
korean management review - Vol. 49, No. 4, pp.1033-1058
ISSN: 1226-1874 (Print)
Print publication date 31 Aug 2020
Received 04 May 2020 Revised 22 May 2020 Accepted 30 May 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2020.49.4.1033

다국적 기업 내부 배태성과 해외 자회사의 활용적 및 탐험적 혁신

김초월* ; 송재용**
*(주저자) 경희대학교 테크노경영대학원 객원교수 trudykim@snu.ac.kr
**(교신저자) 서울대학교 경영대학 교수 jsong@snu.ac.kr
Internal Embeddedness within Multinational Corporations and Exploitative and Exploratory Innovations of Overseas Subsidiaries
Chuyue Jin* ; Jaeyong Song**
*Visiting Professor, Graduate School of Technology Management, Kyung Hee University, First Author
**Professor, Graduate School of Business, Seoul National University, Corresponding Author

초록

본 연구는 다국적 기업의 내부 배태성이 해외 자회사의 혁신에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 내부 배태성을 본사와의 수직적 배태성과 다른 자회사들과의 수평적 배태성으로 구분하고 자회사의 혁신을 두 가지 유형인 활용적 혁신과 탐험적 혁신으로 나누어 분석하였다. 가설 검증을 위해 15개 글로벌 반도체 기업의 240개 해외 자회사가 미국특허청에 1989년부터 2008년까지 출원한 특허 데이터를 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과, 해외 자회사의 활용적 혁신 창출에 있어서 내부 수직적 배태성이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 반대로 해외 자회사의 탐험적 혁신에 있어서는 수평적 배태성이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 자회사의 탐험적 혁신에 대한 추가적인 분석을 통해 기술역량이 높은 자회사의 경우 수직적 및 수평적 배태성이 자회사의 탐험적 혁신 창출에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만 기술역량이 낮은 자회사인 경우에는 수직적 배태성이 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 결론도 도출하였다. 이러한 결과들은 다국적 기업이 해외 자회사의 혁신 창출을 촉진하기 위해서는 혁신 유형 및 자회사의 기술 역량에 따라 수직적 또는 수평적 배태성을 시의 적절하게 조절할 필요성이 있다는 점을 시사한다.

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of internal embeddedness within multinational corporations (MNCs) on overseas subsidiaries’ innovation. We examine the extent to which two types of internal embeddedness -vertical and horizontal- facilitate or inhibit a subsidiary’s exploitative and exploratory innovations respectively. We tested our hypotheses using patent data of 240 overseas subsidiaries of 15 global semiconductor companies from 1989 to 2008. The results suggest that overseas subsidiaries are more likely to generate exploitative innovations when vertical internal embeddedness is high, while they are more likely to generate exploratory innovations when horizontal internal embeddedness is high. We also find that the effects of vertical and horizontal embeddedness on exploratory innovation vary by different levels of subsidiary capability. Specifically, both vertical and horizontal internal embeddedness showed positive impacts on exploratory innovation for more capable subsidiaries, while vertical internal embeddedness showed a negative effect for less capable subsidiaries. These findings imply that MNCs need to adjust the level of vertical and horizontal internal embeddedness to promote subsidiary innovation according to innovation types and subsidiary capabilities.

Keywords:

Internal embeddedness, Subsidiary innovation, Exploitative innovation, Exploratory innovation

키워드:

내부 배태성, 자회사 혁신, 활용적 혁신, 탐험적 혁신

Acknowledgments

이 논문은 2016년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (NRF-2016S1A5A2A01026323). 또한 서울대학교 국제경영연구센터의 연구비 지원도 받았음.

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• 저자 김초월은 현재 경희대학교 테크노경영대학원 객원교수로 재직 중이다. 북경대학교 경제학과를 졸업하였으며 서울대학교 경영대학원 전략/국제경영학과에서 경영학석사 및 박사학위를 취득하였다.

• 저자 송재용은 서울대 경영대 석학교수이며 전미경영학회 (AOM) 국제경영분과 회장으로 Columbia대 교수를 역임했다.