Your browser does not support the PubReader view.
Go to this page to see a list of supporting browsers.
Korean Academic Society of Business Administration
[ Article ]
korean management review - Vol. 53, No. 6, pp.1453-1472
ISSN: 1226-1874 (Print)
Print publication date 31 Dec 2024
Received 08 May 2024 Revised 31 Jul 2024 Accepted 16 Aug 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2024.53.6.1453

협동조합 네트워크의 전략화: 비판적담론분석과 프랙티스전략관점을 통한 아이쿱생협 사례연구

조수미 ; 장승권
(주저자) 성공회대학교 경영학부 아이쿱펠로우 연구교수
(교신저자) 성공회대학교 경영학부 교수
Strategizing Cooperative Network: A Case Study of iCOOP through Strategy as Practice (SAP) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
Sumi Cho ; Seungkwon Jang
(First Author) iCOOP Fellow, Division of Business Administration, Sungkonghoe University ichosumi@gmail.com
(Corresponding Author) Professor, Division of Business Administration, Sungkonghoe University serijang@skhu.ac.kr


Copyright 2024 THE KOREAN ACADEMIC SOCIETY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

초록

기업조직을 둘러싼 환경이 복잡해지고 다양한 이해관계자의 참여와 기업의 책무성이 필수적이 되면서, 경영전략에 대한 다차원적 접근이 필요하다. 이 논문은 프랙티스전략(Strategy as Practice, SAP)을 기반으로 다양한 이해관계자를 포함하는 협동조합 네트워크 전략을 수립하는 방법에 대해 토론한다. 이 관점에서 경영전략은 조직이 소유하는 어떤 사물과 같은 것이 아니라 실행하는 것이며, 전략화(strategizing)의 개념이 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 비판적담론분석(Critical Discourse Analysis, CDA) 관점에 기반하여 다양한 기업을 포함한 협동조합 네트워크가 어떻게 형성되었는지 살펴본다. 연구 결과, 조합원들이 소유하고 중요한 의사결정에 참여하는 협동조합 기업에서는 사업 다각화의 경제적 효과성보다는 다양한 이해관계자를 설득할 수 있는 담론 자원을 중심으로 경영전략이 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 구축된 경영전략은 네트워크를 조정하는 메커니즘으로 작동했다. 본 논문에서는 경영전략의 담론 특성에 주목하여 전략 행위자를 확장하고, 가치에 기반한 조직의 조정 메커니즘을 설명한다.

Abstract

As the environment surrounding organizations becomes complex and the participation of various stakeholders and corporate accountability becomes inevitable, a multidimensional approach to strategy is necessary. This paper answers how the organization develops cooperative network strategies that include various stakeholders based on the perspective of Strategy as Practice (SAP). From this perspective, strategy is not something the organization has but does, and the concept of strategizing is highlighted. This study used a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) perspective to examine how the cooperative network, including various corporations, was formed. As a result of the research, we found that the strategy of the cooperative enterprise in which members participate in the ownership structure and decision-making. consisted of discursive resources that could persuade various stakeholders rather than the economic effectiveness of business diversification. Also, the strategy constructed operated as a mechanism to coordinate the cooperative network. This paper focuses on the discursive characteristics of strategy, expands the strategic actors, and explains an organization's coordination mechanism based on values.

Keywords:

Strategy as Practice (SAP), Strategizing, Strategy discourse, Cooperative network, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)

키워드:

프랙티스전략, 전략화, 전략담론, 협동조합 네트워크, 비판적담론분석

References

  • 권구혁, 정기원(2008), “전략경영의 역사적 배경과 학문적 발전,” 이학종 편집, 21세기 매니지먼트 이론의 뉴패러다임: 조직, 전략, 인사이론 등 경영의 모든 것, 위즈덤하우스, pp.520-581. [ https://doi.org/10.25291/VR/21-VR-581 ]
    Kwon, K. and Jung, K.(2008), “Historical background and academic development of Strategic management,” in H. Lee (Eds.), Paradigm Shift in the 21st Century Management Theories, Wisdomhouse, pp.520-581.
  • 김아영(2021), “협동조합 조합원과 직원의 학습과 성장: 아이쿱소비자생활협동조합 사례,” 한국협동조합연구, 제39권 1호, pp.1-28.
    Kim, A.(2021), “Learning and Development of Cooperative Members and Employees: The Case of iCOOP KOREA,” The Korean Journal of Cooperative Studies, 39(1), pp.1-28.
  • 신동엽, 노그림(2017), “행동전략의 발전과 과제: 전략연구의 행동과학적 전환,” 인사조직연구, 제25권 3호, pp.151-194. [ https://doi.org/10.26856/kjom.2017.25.3.151 ]
    Shin, D. and Noh, G.(2017), “Recent Development and Prospects of Behavioral Strategy: A Behavioral Shift of Strategy Research,” Korean Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.151-194. [ https://doi.org/10.26856/kjom.2017.25.3.151 ]
  • 신동엽, 정기원(2016), “프랙티스 관점 전략이론(Strategy As Practice)의 전망과 과제: 전략연구에서 경제학 기반 방법론적 개인주의의 극복 가능성을 찾아서,” 인사조직연구, 제24권 4호, pp.119-164.
    Shin, D. and Jung, K.(2016), “Prospects and Challenges of Strategy As Practice: Exploring the Possibility of Overcoming Economics-Based Methodological Individualism in Strategy Research,” Korean Journal of Management, 24(4), pp.119-164.
  • 신동일(2022), 담론의 이해: 담화, 담론적 전환, 비판적 담론연구, 책세상.
    Shin, D.(2022), Understanding of Discourse: discourse, discursive turn, and critical discourse studies, Chaeksesang.
  • 신효진, 이상훈(2021), “생협 활동가 특징에 따른 생협 커뮤니티 인식,” 한국협동조합연구, 제39권 3호, pp. 69-97. [ https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20214119765 ]
    Shin, H. and Lee, S. H.(2021), “Recognition of the Consumer Cooperative Community according to the Characteristics of the Member Activist,” The Korean Journal of Cooperative Studies, 39(3), pp.69-97.
  • 염찬희(2022), “한국생협의 정체성에 대한 연구: 홈페이지 담론 분석을 통해,” 협동조합경제경영연구, 제56권, pp.67-93.
    Yeom, C.(2022), “A Study of Identities of Korean Consumer’s Co-ops Through Discourse Analysis of Their Websites,” Cooperative Economics of Management Review, 56, pp.67-93.
  • 이예나, 이상훈(2021), “소비자생활협동조합 조합원의 참여인식과 소비행위의 참여적 성격 탐색: 비활동가 조합원을 중심으로,” 한국협동조합연구, 제39권 1호, pp.29-62. [ https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-020-00850-1 ]
    Lee, Y. and Lee, S. H.(2021), “Exploring the Participative Nature of the Consumer Co-operative Member’ Consumption Behavior and Their Perception of Participation: Focused on Members Who don’t participate in Organizational Activities,” The Korean Journal of Cooperative Studies, 39(1), pp.29-62. [ https://doi.org/10.17825/klr.2019.29.1.39 ]
  • 조수미, 장승권(2021), “한국 노동자협동조합의 해외 협동조합 학습과정: 해피브릿지협동조합 사례연구,” 한국협동조합연구, 제39권 1호, pp.131-154. [ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-021-00829-3 ]
    Cho, S. and Jang, S.(2021), “A Korean Worker Cooperative’s Learning Process of Global Cooperatives: A Case Study of Happybridge Cooperatives,” The Korean Journal of Cooperative Studies, 39(1), pp.131-154.
  • 이웅희(2023), “이해관계자 이론의 비판적 검토,” 경영학연구, 제52권 2호, pp.303-338.
    Lee, W.(2023), “A Critical Examination of Stakeholder Theory,” Korean Management Review, 52(2), pp.303-338. [ https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2023.52.2.303 ]
  • 하상균, 박용승(2023), “이해관계자 중심의 전략적 인적자원관리 시스템 개념 연구,” Korea Business Review, 제27권 3호, pp.95-120.) [ https://doi.org/10.17287/kbr.2023.27.3.95 ]
    Ha, S. K. and Park, Y. S.(2023), “A Study on Conceptualization of Stakeholder Oriented Strategic HRM system,” Korea Business Review, 27 (3), pp.95-120. [ https://doi.org/10.17287/kbr.2023.27.3.95 ]
  • Balogun, J., C. Jacobs, P. Jarzabkowski, S. Mantere and E. Vaara(2014), “Placing strategy discourse in context: Sociomateriality, sensemaking, and power,” Journal of Management Studies, 51(2), pp.175-201. [https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12059]
  • Basque, J. and A. Langley(2018), “Invoking Alphonse: The founder figure as a historical resource for organizational identity work,” Organization Studies, 39(12), pp.1685-1708. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840618789211]
  • Birchall, J.(2011), People-Centred Businesses: Cooperatives, Mutuals and the Idea of Membership, Palgrave Macmillan, London. [https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230295292]
  • Chia, R. and R. Holt(2006), “Strategy as Practical Coping: A Heideggerian Perspective,” Organization Studies, 27(5), pp.635-655. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840606064102]
  • Chia, R. and R. Holt(2009). Strategy without Design: The Silent Efficacy of Indirect Action, Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • Chia, R. and B. MacKay(2007), “Post-processual challenges for the emerging strategy-as-practice perspective: Discovering strategy in the logic of practice,” Human Relations, 60(1), pp.217-242. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726707075291]
  • Chia, R. and A. Rasche(2015), “Epistemological alternatives for researching strategy as practice: Building and dwelling worldviews,” in D. Golsorkhi, L. Rouleau, D. Seidl, and E. Vaara (Eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice(2nd ed), Cambridge University Press, pp.44-57. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139681032.003]
  • Cho, S., and S. Jang(2023), “Cooperative Membership and Strategizing in a Korean Consumer Cooperative Network: The Case of iCOOP,” Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, 12(2), pp.99-115. [https://doi.org/10.5947/jeod.2023.012]
  • Davis, P.(2001), “The Governance of Co-operatives under Competitive Conditions: Issues, Processes and Culture. Corporate Governance,” The International Journal of Business in Society, 1(4), pp.28-39. [https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005975]
  • Ekberg, E.(2012), “Organization: Top Down or Bottom Up? The Organizational Development of Consumer Cooperatives, 1950-2000,” in P. Battilani and H. G. Schroter (Eds.), The Cooperative Business Movement, 1950 to the Present. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp.222-242. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139237208.012]
  • Fairclough, N.(2003), Analysing Discourse: Textual analysis for social research. Routledge. [https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203697078]
  • Fairclough, N.(2012), Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. Routledge. [https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315834368]
  • Freeman, R. E.(2010), Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge university press. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139192675]
  • Ghemawat, P.(2009), Strategy and the Business Landscape, Pearson.
  • Golsorkhi, D., L. Rouleau, D. Seidl and E. Vaara (2015), “Introduction: What is strategy as practice?,” in D. Golsorkhi, L. Rouleau, D. Seidl and E. Vaara,(Eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice(2nd ed), Cambridge University Press, pp.1-29. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139681032.001]
  • Hardy, C., I. Palmer and N. Phillips(2000), “Discourse as a strategic resource,” Human Relations, 53(9), 1227-1248. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700539006]
  • Jarzabkowski, P., D. Seidl and J. Balogun(2022), “From germination to propagation: Two decades of Strategy-as-Practice research and potential future directions,” Human Relations, 75(8), pp.1-27. [https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267221089473]
  • Johnson, G.(1987), Strategic Change and the Management Process. Blackwell.
  • Johnson, G., A. Langley, L. Melin and R. Whittington (2007), Strategy as Practice Research Directions and Resources. Cambridge University Press. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618925]
  • Knights, D. and G. Morgan(1991), “Corporate Strategy, Organizations, and Subjectivity: A Critique,” Organization Studies, 12(2), pp.251-273. [https://doi.org/10.1177/017084069101200205]
  • Kornberger, M. and S. Clegg(2011), “Strategy as performative practice: The case of Sydney 2030,” Strategic Organization, 9(2), pp.136-162. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127011407758]
  • Mintzberg, H. and J. A. Waters(1985), “Of strategies, deliberate and emergent,” Strategic Management Journal, 6(3), pp.257-272. [https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250060306]
  • Pettigrew, A. M.(1985), “Contextualist research and the study of organizational change processes,” Research Methods in Information Systems, 1, pp.53-78.
  • Reay, T. and C. Jones(2016), “Qualitatively capturing institutional logics,” Strategic Organizations, 14(4), pp.441-454. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127015589981]
  • Sacchetti, S. and I. Catturani(2021), “Governance and different types of value: A framework for analysis,” Journal of Co-Operative Organization and Management, 9(1), pp.100-133. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcom.2021.100133]
  • Sacchetti, S. and E. C. Tortia(2016), “The extended governance of cooperative firms: inter‐firm coordination and consistency of values,” Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 87(1), pp.93-116. [https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12058]
  • Stensaker, I. and J. Falkenberg(2007), “Making sense of different responses to corporate change,” Human Relations, 60(1), pp.137-177. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726707075287]
  • Vaara, E.(2010), “Taking the linguistic turn seriously: Strategy as a multifaceted and interdiscursive phenomenon,” Advances in Strategic Studies, 27(1), pp.29-50. [https://doi.org/10.1108/S0742-3322(2010)0000027005]
  • Vaara, E.(2015). Critical Discourse Analysis as Methodology in Strategy as Practice Research. in D. Golsorkhi, L. Rouleau, D. Seidl and E. Vaara,(Eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice(2nd ed), Cambridge University Press. pp.491-505. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139681032.029]
  • Vaara, E., B. Kleymann and H. Seristo(2004), “Strategies as discursive constructions: The case of airline alliances,” Journal of Management studies, 41(1), pp.1-35. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2004.00419.x]
  • Vaara, E. and J. Tienari(2008), “A discursive per spective on legitimation strategies in multinational corporations,” Academy of Management Review, 33(4), pp.985-993. [https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2008.34422019]
  • Vaara, E., J. Tienari and A. Koveshnikov(2021), “From cultural differences to identity politics: A critical discursive approach to national identity in multinational corporations,” Journal of Management Studies, 58(8), pp.2052-2081. [https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12517]
  • Vaara, E., V. Sorsa and P. Palli(2010), “On the force potential of strategy texts: A critical discourse analysis of a strategic plan and its power effects in a city organization,” Organization, 17(6), pp.685-702. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508410367326]
  • Vaara, E. and R. Whittington(2012), “Strategy-as-Practice: Taking Social Practices Seriously,” Academy of Management Annals, 6(1), pp. 285-336. [https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2012.672039]
  • Weick, K. E., K. M. Sutcliffe and D. Obstfeld(2005), “Organizing and the process of sensemaking,” Organization Science, 16(4), pp.409-421. [https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1050.0133]
  • Whittington, R,(2003), “The work of strategizing and organizing: For a practice perspective,” Strategic Organization, 1(1), pp.117-125. [https://doi.org/10.1177/147612700311006]

∙ 저자 조수미는 현재 성공회대학교 경영학부 및 대학원 협동조합경영학과 아이쿱펠로우 연구교수로 재직 중이다. 성공회대학교 경영학부와 일반대학원 협동조합경영학과에서 경영학 석사와 박사학위를 취득하였다. 석사학위 취득 후 캐나다 협동조합 국제개발단체인 Co-operative Development Foundation of Canada와 국제협동조합연맹(ICA)에서 일하였으며, 박사 취득 후에는 한국대리운전협동조합에서 일하며, 협동조합 연구자로서 학술활동과 현장근무를 병행해왔다. 주요연구분야는 협동조합, 조직 및 전략 등이다.

∙ 저자 장승권은 현재 성공회대학교 경영학부 교수이며, 사회적경제대학원장이다. 경영학부에서는 조직이론, 대학원 협동조합경영학과에서는 질적연구방법론과 협동조합론을 강의한다. 연세대학교 경영학과에서 학사, 영국 랑카스터대학교에서 조직이론으로 석사와 박사 학위를 받았다. 연구관심분야는 조직이론, 협동조합경영론, 공정무역, 사회연대경제 등이다.