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Korean Academic Society of Business Administration
[ Article ]
korean management review - Vol. 46, No. 1, pp.49-74
ISSN: 1226-1874 (Print)
Print publication date 28 Feb 2017
Received 12 Jan 2016 Revised 13 Sep 2016 Accepted 24 Oct 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2017.46.1.49

직장내 왕따 측정을 위한 척도 개발 및 타당화

김하연* ; 강대석**
*(주저자) 인하대학교 경영대학 강의교수 khy@inha.ac.kr
**(교신저자) 인하대학교 경영대학 교수 kang0180@inha.ac.kr
Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure ‘Workplace Wang-tta’
Hayeon Kim* ; Dae-seok Kang**
*Lecturer, College of Business Administration, Inha University, First Author
**Professor, College of Business Administration, Inha University, Corresponding Author

초록

본 연구는 하나의 사회 현상인 ‘직장내 왕따(workplace wang-tta)’를 개념화하고 이를 효과적으로 측정하기 위한 척도를 개발하고자 했다. 피해 유경험자들과의 개별인터뷰를 통해 직장내 왕따 현상을 파악하고자 하였으며, 유사 개념들(집단따돌림, 무례함, 사회적 훼방)에 대한 문헌 검토를 병행함으로써 직장내 왕따 척도의 측정문항들을 도출했다. 내용타당도의 평가를 거쳐서 측정문항들은 총 47개로 결정되었으며, 이후 350명의 직장인 설문데이터를 투입해 탐색적 요인분석을 실시했다. 그 결과, 인간적인 무시, 역량폄하, 불합리한 업무처리/조정이라는 3요인, 22개 문항이 산출되었다. 이러한 3요인 구조는 또 다른 351명의 설문데이터를 이용한 확인적 요인분석에서도 자료에 대해 적합했다. 척도의 내적 요인구조와 외적 변수들을 이용한 타당도 검증에서 수렴/판별/동시 타당도가 입증됨으로써 주로 집단따돌림(mobbing/bullying)으로 한정되었던 국내 직장에서의 왕따 현상에 대한 폭넓은 시각을 얻게 되었다. 조직 내부에 왕따 현상이 확산되어 있는 정도를 진단하는 데에도 본 척도는 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize a phenomenon of workplace wang-tta and develop a scale to measure it. The concept of workplace wang-tta was defined and items to measure it were developed through individual interviews with 9 victims and related literature review. Based on the responses of 350 employees collected from a variety of work fields in South Korea, analyses of the factor structure and reliability of this new instrument indicated that the workplace wang-tta scale is a reliable instrument composed of 3 factors: personal disregard, competence derogation, and improper work processes. The 3-factor structure received further support from confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) on a sample of 351 employees not used in exploratory factor analyses (EFA). A series of validation analyses revealed that the workplace wang-tta scale has good psychometric properties (i.e. reliability and validity). In terms of external validation, the scale was also significantly and moderately correlated with the perceptions of fair interpersonal treatment while lowly correlated with extrinsic organizational commitment, supporting convergent and discriminant validity. Moreover, the workplace wang-tta was associated with greater psychological distress supporting concurrent validity. The value of this study lies in increasing deep understanding of the phenomenon of workplace wang-tta, as well as providing a valid, reliable and easy-to-use instrument for the measurement of workplace wang-tta.

Keywords:

workplace wang-tta, scale development, validation, mobbing, bullying, incivility, social undermining

키워드:

직장내 왕따, 척도 개발, 집단따돌림, 무례함, 사회적 훼방

Acknowledgments

유익한 조언을 해주신 익명의 심사자들께 감사드립니다. 본 논문은 한국연구재단 중견연구자지원사업(과제번호: 2015S1A5A2A01012240)과 인하대학교의 지원으로 연구되었습니다.

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• 저자 김하연은 현재 인하대학교 경영대학 강의교수로 재직 중이다. 인하대학교에서 경영학 박사학위를 취득했다. Journal of Career Development등의 SSCI 저널을 비롯해 경영학연구, 조직과 인사관리연구에 여러 편의 논문을 발표했으며, 주요 연구분야는 직장내 괴롭힘, 직무불안, LMX 등이다.

• 저자 강대석은 현재 인하대학교 경영대학 교수로 재직 중이다. 미국 미네소타 대학교에서 인적자원개발 전공으로 박사학위를 취득했다. Personnel Review, Career Development International, Human Resource Development Quarterly 등 SSCI 저널과 국내외 학술지에 다수의 논문을 게재했다. 주요 연구분야는 리더십과 인적자원의 개발, citizenship performance 등이다.