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Korean Academic Society of Business Administration
[ Article ]
korean management review - Vol. 46, No. 5, pp.1397-1426
ISSN: 1226-1874 (Print)
Print publication date 31 Oct 2017
Received 03 Mar 2017 Revised 05 Aug 2017 Accepted 16 Aug 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2017.46.5.1397

대정부(對政府) 꽌시(Guanxi)가 중국진출 한국기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향: 경로 및 조절변수를 중심으로

조평규* ; 이철**
*(주저자) 중국연달그룹 pkcho123@naver.com
**(교신저자) 서강대학교 경영대학 chollee@sogang.ac.kr
The Effects of Guanxi with Government on the Business Performances of Korean Companies in China: With Emphasis on Process and Moderating Variables
Pyungg Kyu Cho* ; Chol Lee**
*China Yan Da Group, Executive Director, First Author
**College of Business Administration, Sogang University, Corresponding Author

초록

본 연구는 중국에서 한국 기업의 대정부 꽌시가 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 과정과 이 과정에 영향을 미치는 조절변수의 효과를 살펴보기 위해 중국진출 한국기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 하였다. 실증분석을 위해 중국에 진출한 한국투자기업을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 살펴보면 아래와 같다.

첫째, 대정부 꽌시는 기업의 자원(재무, 물적, 인적자원)과 정보의 획득에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이러한 자원과 정보의 획득은 기업의 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 실증되었다.

둘째, 중국의 꽌시가 기업경영성과에 미치는 영향은 기술력이 높은 기업과 진출역사가 오래된 기업에서 그리고, 시장의 경쟁이 치열한 기업들에서 보다 낮게 나타난다는 것을 확인하였다.

결론적으로 본 연구는 중국 진출 한국 기업을 대상으로 대정부 꽌시가 기업경영성과에 영향을 미치는 경로를 파악한 것과, 이러한 대정부 꽌시 효과가 기업특성과 시장 상황에 따라 달라진다는 조절효과를 실증하였다는데 의의가 있다. 이러한 분석결과는 이미 중국에 투자하고 있는 기업과 신규투자를 계획하고 있는 한국 기업들에게 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract

This study is designed to investigate a process in which China’s Guanxi with Chinese government officials affects management performance of Korean firms located in China. It also attempts to analyze moderating effects of firm and market characteristics (technology, competition, age) on the effects of Guanxi with government officials on the management performance of the Korean firms in China. We surveyed Korean affiliates in China to acquire 166 valid responses, which were analyzed with a structural equation model.

The results of analysis are as follow. First, we found that firm’s acquisition of resources (financial, material and human resources) through Guanxi with government officials had positive effects on performances of the Korean firms. Second, we also found that the firm’s acquisition of information through Guanxi with Chinese government officials had positive effects on the business performances of Korean companies. However, Guanxi with government officials did not affect performances of the Korean companies directly. Third, the results showed that Guanxi’s positive effects on the performance of the Korean firms were less in the firms with higher level of technology, greater competition, and older ages than ones with the opposite characteristics.

In conclusion, this study identified the process in which Guanxi with government officials positively influences gaining resources and information, which lead to better management performances of the Korean firms in China. Also, it identified the moderating effects of the frim’s technology, age, and competition on the Guanxi’s positive effects on the management performances.

Keywords:

Guanxi, busniess performance, recources, competitive advantage, china investment, Korean firms operating in China

키워드:

꽌시, 대정부 꽌시, 경영성과, 자원획득, 정보획득, 중국 진출 한국기업, 중국투자

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• 저자 조평규는 현재 중국연달그룹(中国燕达集团) 집행회장으로 재직 중이다. 경북대학교 중어중문학과를 졸업하였으며, 서강대학교 경영전문대학원 MBA 및 일반대학원 경영학과에서 박사학위를 취득하였다. 박사취득 후 단국대학교 석좌교수와 서울종합과학대학원 초빙교수로 재직 중이다. 주요연구분야는 중국에 진출한 한국기업의 경영성과에 관한 것이며, 중국 베이징에서 20년 이상 거주하며 기업임원으로 경영에 참여해오고 있으며, 중국관련 서적을 5권 출판한 중국전문가이다.

• 저자 이 철은 현재 서강대학교 경영대학 교수로 재직 중이며, 미국 텍사스 오스틴 대학교 경영대학원에서 경영학 박사 학위를 받았다. Journal of International Business Studies(JIBS), 경영학연구, 국제경영연구, 고객만족경영연구, 벤처연구, 무역학회지의 편집위원으로 있었으며, 경영학연구, 마케팅연구, 소비자학연구, 광고학연구, 국제경영연구, 무역학회지, 벤처연구, 경영교육연구, JIBS, Journal of Marketing, International Marketing Review, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Journal of International Consumer Marketing International Journal of Enterprenuership 등 국내외 주요 학술지에 논문을 발표하였다. 현재 그의 주된 관심 분야는 글로벌 브랜드, 비교문화적 소비자 행동, 사회적 기업, 정부 수출 지원정책 등이다.